Bachelor of science in mathematics and statistics from Syracuse University, 1958; master of business administration in operations analysis and computer programming from University of California, 1959; bachelor of arts in chemistry from Marietta College, 1960; doctorate in medicine (M.D.) from Columbia University, 1964; master of science in physiology and biophysics from the University of Kentucky, 1966; master of arts in literature from the University of Houston 1987; hobbies: chess, flying, gardening, literary criticism, microcomputer, parachuting, photography, reading, running, scuba diving, soaring; later he worked in the communications industry.